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China RoHS: New Labeling Requirements and Quantity Limitation Standard Amendments Implemented Simultaneously

On January 14, 2025, the Working Group on Pollution Prevention and Control Standards for Electrical and Electronic Products issued a notice regarding RoHS in mainland China. The content is as follows: Notice from the Working Group on Pollution Prevention and Control Standards for Electrical and Electronic Products in Mainland China: To all relevant units: The recommended industry standard "Labeling Requirements for Restricted Use of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Products" (SJ/T 11364-2024) was issued on December 25, 2024, and will come into effect on April 1, 2025. Amendment No. 1 to the recommended national standard "Requirements for Limits of Restricted Substances in Electrical and Electronic Products" (GB/T 26572-2011) was issued on June 29, 2024, and will come into effect on January 1, 2026. Enterprises are advised to make full preparations and implement both standards simultaneously no later than January 1, 2026. The Working Group on Pollution Prevention and Control Standards for Electrical and Electronic Products will actively communicate and coordinate with relevant departments. Further reading: GB/T 26572-2011 Amendment No. 1  SJ/T 11364-2024 On December 25, 2024, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China officially released the industry standard update information - SJ/T 11364-2024 "Labeling Requirements for the Restriction of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Products". This update of the standard is to better regulate the labeling of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic products and clarify the relevant

Global Chemical Regulation Updates: Latest Changes to US TSCA, EU Controls, and REACH

SGS monitors the latest regulatory changes to help your products comply with local regulations. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has postponed the effective date of the TSCA rule for trichloroethylene (TCE). On January 28, 2025, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced that it would postpone the effective date of the final rule for trichloroethylene (TCE) under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) from January 16, 2025, to March 21, 2025. This decision was based on an executive order issued by U.S. President Trump, which mandated a review of regulations enacted in the final months of the previous administration. The EPA will use this period to reassess the factual, legal, and policy issues potentially addressed by the rule. The European Commission is strengthening enforcement to ensure the integrity and timely transposition of EU directives. The European Commission (EC) recently took action against member states that failed to promptly transpose EU directives into their domestic legal order. Because some member states have not notified their transposition measures, the EC has issued formal notification letters covering 11 EU directives in areas such as environment, finance, justice, taxation, and transportation. Currently, there are still 27 member states that have not completed the conversion. The relevant member states must respond and implement the relevant regulations within 2 months, otherwise they will face further enforcement actions from the EC. Related to the control of banned and restricted substances in electronic and electrical equipment: The EC calls on member states to fully convert the directive on the restriction of hazardous substances in electronic and electrical equipment. EC 

EU Chemical Regulation Update: n-Hexane May Be Subject to SVHC Regulation

#REACH#SVHC#n-Hexane#N-hexane Slovenia has proposed to include n-hexane (N-hexane) in the SVHC list, with the expected submission date being August 4, 2025. ECHA will subsequently conduct a public consultation. n-Hexane proposed to be included in the SVHC list In February 2025, the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) announced that Slovenia proposed to include n-hexane (N-hexane) in the recommended list of SVHC substances in the second half of 2025. The proposal is currently in the "proposer preparing relevant substance documents" stage and is expected to be submitted before August 4, 2025. Further learning: 2025/05/29_ REACH Regulation Conformity Assessment Webinar for Finished Product Manufacturers. ECHA will subsequently launch a public consultation on the substance, during which all stakeholders can provide feedback to ECHA. If the feedback is reviewed and approved, n-hexane will be officially added to the SVHC Candidate List. As of now, the SVHC proposed list includes a total of 4 substances. Related article: Global Chemical Regulatory Dynamics: Latest Changes in US TSCA, EU Control and REACH. Substance Name Expected Submission Date EC No. CAS No. N-hexane 2025/8/4 203-777-6 110-54

ECHA releases final SVHC recommendation list for the first half of 2025

#REACH#SVHC The proposed list of SVHCs for the first half of 2025 has been officially released. After removing three proposed substances, the final list is open for public comment for 45 days. Companies should pay attention to the newly added substances, ensure supply chain compliance, and evaluate alternatives to mitigate regulatory risks. The proposed list of SVHCs for the first half of 2025 is open for public comment. After careful evaluation and the removal of three proposed substances, the final proposed list of Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) for the first half of 2025 was officially released at the end of February 2025. This list includes a variety of chemical substances with potential impacts on the environment and human health. It will be open for public comment from all stakeholders for 45 days; if the relevant substances are identified as SVHC, they will be added to the SVHC Candidate List. Final update of SVHC proposal list Substance name Submission date EC No. CAS No. 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]trisiloxane 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]trisiloxane 2025/2/28 241-867-7 17928-28-8 Decamethyltetrasiloxane 2025/2/28 205-491-7 141-

Mainland China publicly solicits feedback on the "Requirements for the Restriction of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Products" (Draft for Approval)

The draft revision of China's RoHS GB/T 26572-XXXX "Restriction of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Products" has been completed and is open for public feedback. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China has completed the preparation of three mandatory standards (drafts for approval), including the "Restriction of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Products." The Ministry announced on April 14, 2025, soliciting public opinions, with the consultation period ending on April 21, 2025. This draft replaces GB/T 26572-2011 "Restriction of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Products" and its first amendment, except for structural adjustments and editorial changes. The main revisions are as follows: Requirements for the Restriction of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Products (Draft for Approval) Main revisions a) Added four terms and definitions: "hazardous substances", "environmentally friendly use period", "management catalogue for the restriction of the use of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic products" and "application exceptions" (see 3.2, 3.6, 3.7 and 3.8); b) Added requirements for the classification of electrical and electronic products and the restriction of the use of hazardous substances (see Chapter 4); c) Added labeling requirements (see Chapter 6); d) Added requirements related to the implementation of the standard (see Chapter 7); e) Deleted the definition of "restricted substances" (see GB/T 26572-2011

Supply Chain Attention! Three More Substances Added to REACH Recommendation List

The European Chemicals Agency has added three new substances to the REACH Recommendation List and completed the public comment period for the three substances. They are very likely to be included in the SVHC Candidate List in the future. SGS has also started providing testing services starting today. REACH Recommendation List Update On February 28, 2025, the REACH Recommendation List announced the addition of three new substances. Because these substances have properties such as very persistent and very bioaccumulative, and reproductive toxicity, they were proposed to be included in the SVHC Candidate List, and the public comment period was completed on April 14, 2025. Although the substances in the Recommendation List have not yet been formally regulated, it means that the hazards of these substances have attracted attention. In addition to REACH SVHC, they may also be restricted by other regional chemical substance management measures, such as concentration limits, industrial safety requirements or emission regulations. The newly added substances and their characteristics are as follows: No. Material EC No. CAS No. Reason for inclusion Possible applications 1 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]trisiloxane Methyltris(trimethylsiloxy)silane 241-867-7 17928-28-8 Very persistent and very bioaccumulative - Article 57(e) Solvent applications, lubricants, defoaming agents, etc. 2 Decam

REACH SVHC list expands again! 3 new substances of very high concern added, bringing the total to 250

On June 16, 2025, the European Chemicals Agency announced the addition of three new substances to the SVHC candidate list in the REACH announcement, and SGS will start providing testing services from that day on. REACH SVHC Candidate List Updated at the End of June On June 16, 2025, the REACH SVHC Candidate List announced the addition of three new substances. Because these substances have properties such as very persistent and very bioaccumulative, and reproductive toxicity, they were officially added to the SVHC Candidate List on June 25 of the same year. The total number of SVHC items has now reached 250. In addition to REACH SVHC, the three newly added substances may also be restricted by chemical substance management measures in other regions, such as concentration limits, industrial safety requirements or emission regulations. The newly added substances and their characteristics are as follows: No. Material EC No. CAS No. Reason for inclusion Possible applications 248 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]trisiloxane Methyltris(trimethylsiloxy)silane 241-867-7 17928-28-8 Very persistent and very bioaccumulative - Article 57(e) Solvent applications Lubricant defoamer, etc. 249 Decameth

EU launches consultation on extension of RoHS exclusions

Large-scale block "The EU outsourced RoHS exclusion investigation unit Oeko Institute announces a public consultation on the extension of five exemptions and the withdrawal of one exemption from Directive 2011/65/EU." REACH SVHC EU RoHS exclusion investigation has been launched. The EU outsourced RoHS exclusion investigation unit Oeko Institute announced the launch of a public consultation with stakeholders. The scope of this public consultation covers the extension of five exemptions and the withdrawal of one exemption. This public consultation is part of RoHS Plan 28 (Pack 28), which involves the extension of five exemptions, including Articles 2(b)(4)-I, 4(f)-I, and 45 of Annex III and Articles 42 and 49 of Annex IV to Directive 2011/65/EU, as well as the withdrawal of the exclusion in Article 14 of Annex IV. The consultation period for stakeholders will be 8 weeks from June 6, 2025 to August 1, 2025. Relevant exemption Request type Applicant Annex III 2(b)(4)-I Other lamps for general lighting and special purposes (e.g. induction lamps): 15 mg. Continued from Lighting Europe, NARVA Annex III 4(f)-I Mercury in other discharge lamps for special purposes not covered by this Annex. Continued from Lighting Europe, NARVA

The rise of cobalt- and nickel-free electric vehicle batteries is good news for the rainforest.

The cobalt and nickel used in electric vehicle batteries primarily come from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Indonesia. Mineral production in these two countries has long been linked to disputes over deforestation, water pollution, and human rights. A recent report indicates that lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries are becoming the mainstream in the market, while demand for lithium nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) batteries is declining. Forest conservation groups believe that the reduced demand for nickel and cobalt is positive news for forests. Cobalt and nickel are gradually phasing out the market. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA)'s May "Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2025," electric vehicles have been shifting towards LFP batteries in recent years, accounting for less than 10% in 2020 and approaching 50% by 2024. Climate Home News reports that LFP batteries are gaining popularity due to their high cobalt and nickel prices, lower costs, improved safety, and continued improvement in energy density. Major Chinese electric vehicle manufacturers BYD and CATL claim their new batteries can achieve a range of 400-520 kilometers with just a five-minute charge. The mineral resources and manufacturing processes used in many batteries are often over-concentrated. In traditional nickel batteries, 67% of the cobalt comes from the Democratic Republic of Congo and 63% of the nickel comes from Indonesia. A study commissioned by the European Forest Initiative, Fern, a French think tank and the University of Vienna, found that if the world switched to LFP batteries, deforestation could be reduced by 43% by 2050. "This is positive news for global forests," said Fu, an advocacy specialist at Fern.

CN RoHS revised draft completed for public comment

On April 14, 2025, the website of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of mainland China announced: According to the mandatory national standard formulation and revision plan issued by the National Standards Committee, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has organized the completion of the preparation of the drafts (drafts) of three mandatory national standards, including the "Restriction of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Products" (CN RoHS). In order to further solicit opinions from all sectors of society, the draft standards and preparation instructions (see Attachments 1 and 2 of the official announcement) are made public. The deadline is April 21, 2025, and the collection of opinions has been completed. Reference link: [Official Announcement] Scope of application "Restriction of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Products" stipulates the limit requirements and labeling requirements for hazardous substances in electrical and electronic products. Applicable to electrical and electronic products produced, sold and imported in mainland China. This mandatory national standard integrates and improves the relevant contents of GB/T 26572-2011 "Limit Requirements for Restricted Substances in Electrical and Electronic Products" and its amendment sheet and SJ/T 11364-2024 "Labeling Requirements for Restricted Use of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Products". The limit requirements for the ten categories of hazardous substances are consistent with international industry requirements. This standard mainly supports the in-depth implementation of the "Management Measures" and is the first mandatory national standard in the field of RoHS control. Main updated technical content 1. The categories of hazardous substances controlled in electrical and electronic products are increased from 6 categories to 10 categories, and 4 phthalates are added. List of restricted hazardous substances and their limits in electrical and electronic products

EU RoHS Directive Exemption Expiration Reminder & Related Updates

Many lamp-related exemptions in Annex III of the EU RoHS have expired since 2023. Enterprises should pay special attention to the impact of the implementation of a new wave of expiring projects starting in 2025. Expiration of EU RoHS exemptions As of February 24, 2025, the exemptions that have expired in the EU RoHS directive involve mercury in the following lamps in Annex III: The mercury content in single-capped (compact) fluorescent lamps shall not exceed: 1(f)-II. Special purposes: 5mg/lamp The mercury content in other types of fluorescent lamps shall not exceed: 2(b)(3). Non-straight tri-color fluorescent lamps with a tube diameter >17mm (such as T9): 10mg/lamp; 2(b)(4)-I. Lamps for other general lighting purposes or special lighting purposes (such as induction lamps): 15mg/lamp. Mercury in cold cathode fluorescent lamps and external electrode fluorescent lamps (CCFL and EEFL) for special purposes shall not exceed: 3(a). Short length (≤ 500 mm): 3.5 mg/lamp; 3(b). Medium length (500 mm 1500 mm): 13 mg/lamp. 4(f)-I. Mercury in discharge lamps for other special purposes not specifically mentioned in Annex III.

Can’t get in, can’t keep the goods: Sharing recent EU electronic product sampling and failure notification cases

From January to February 2025, the EU Safety Gate system announced multiple electronic product violations, primarily involving violations of the EU RoHS Directive, the POPs Regulation, and the REACH Regulation. The primary offending substances included di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs), lead, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP). The EU continues to strengthen market spot checks. As previously announced, the EU will gradually increase its regulatory compliance review of domestic products, conducting irregular spot checks on products in the domestic market and goods awaiting entry. The EU rapid alert system for dangerous non-food products (Safety Gate) compiles and publishes product violation information from each member state weekly, and the relevant information is posted on the European Commission's official website for consumers and businesses. Violating products may face recalls, removal from shelves, destruction, and even damage to the company's reputation. Regulations such as RoHS, POPs, and REACH have become key inspection targets, particularly in the electronic and electrical product sector. SGS recommends that relevant companies manage their product supply chains as soon as possible and confirm that the concentration of banned or restricted substances in their products is below the limit to avoid potential sales risks.

Seaweed and algae are very different! Taiwan's important marine "carbon reservoir" is facing a crisis of decline.

海草床是重要的藍碳,在自然碳匯中扮演關鍵角色。然而,台灣的海草生態系統近年在氣候變遷、人為開發的威脅下,面臨著嚴峻的衰退危機。東華大學海洋生物研究所教授劉弼仁指出,全球已失去了29%的海草,未來100年預估將再失去30~40%的藍碳生態系。 上月底由台灣環境規劃協會和澄洋環境顧問共同主辦的線上講座「台灣海草碳匯與復育之路」,劉弼仁深入探討了台灣海草床在藍碳議題中扮演的角色與復育現況。 海草、海藻傻傻分不清楚? 最大差異在維管束 許多人常將海草與海藻混淆,但相較於沒有維管束系統的藻類,海草擁有真正的根、莖、葉,透過維管束進行水分和養分的吸收及光合作用。海草是生活在海洋淺水區的開花植物,它們沉於水中,將根部附著於沙質底部,並在光照充足、水質清澈的沿岸淺水區生長。劉弼仁強調,海草能開花、結果並產生種子,與海藻在外觀和分類上都有極大的差別。台灣擁有高度生物多樣性,本島與離島的海草床生態也不例外。海草多生長於水深10公尺以內的海域,生長環境多樣,從沙質灘地、珊瑚礁平台到潮間帶等地貌都可以看到海草族群,分布範圍包括新竹、台中到嘉義、台南、屏東、台東以及離島等地。台灣的海草目前共有12種,包含甘草科

AI detection of marine debris has limitations: it can only identify three types

Taiwan is surrounded by the sea, but its coastline is affected by human activities and topography, making it prone to the accumulation of marine debris. National Central University has developed AI technology to identify marine debris types, enabling high-resolution drone imagery to analyze the composition, distribution, and quantity of three types of marine debris. The Coast Guard Administration is also collaborating with relevant teams. However, the research team admitted at the "International Symposium on Marine Debris" on the 24th that due to limited funding and manpower, the database is still insufficient, and the accuracy of AI identification needs to be improved. The Coast Guard Administration also acknowledged that drones are currently primarily used to detect marine pollution, not marine debris, and hopes to increase the budget for drone detection of marine debris. The AI ​​can currently identify three types of marine debris: plastic bottles, buoys, and styrofoam. According to data from the Ministry of Environment, the weight of marine debris in Taiwan reached 940 tons last year (2023). The Coast Guard Administration held a four-day "International Symposium on Marine Debris" starting on the 23rd. Professor Ke Jiayin of the Institute of Fisheries Science at National Taiwan University pointed out at the conference that marine debris not only affects marine life but also disrupts ship navigation, even increasing ship repair costs and causing economic losses. Chen Jifan, a professor at the Geographic Information Systems Laboratory of the Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research at National Central University, pointed out that in recent years, AI technology has been developed and an "Automatic Identification Network Platform for Marine Waste" has been established. The AI ​​model will analyze drone photos to identify the distribution and quantity of three types of marine waste: plastic bottles, buoys, and polystyrene. However, he admitted that the current model still has limitations. For example, the resolution of the photo must be higher than 5 cm. Generally, the body of the plastic bottle can be analyzed, but the individual and small bottle caps cannot be analyzed. "A lot of coastal garbage is bottle caps, which can be buried in the sea.

To prevent heatstroke deaths, employers are introducing smart wearable devices

The Hanford site, located in the semi-arid desert of Washington State, was once a major production facility for defense plutonium and is now in the nuclear waste cleanup phase. Summers here are scorching, often exceeding 32°C. This year, the Department of Energy (DOE) introduced heat stress monitoring armbands and wireless devices to reduce heat-related accidents among workers. Record-breaking heat: Warning systems reduce injuries. With record-breaking heat waves worldwide, outdoor workers are bearing the brunt of the impact. More and more sites are implementing heat stress warning systems. The detectors monitor workers' heart rate and core temperature, triggering alerts when they exceed certain thresholds, allowing safety personnel to intervene early and reduce the risk of heat-related injuries and accidents. "Our work involves high levels of radiation, hazardous chemicals, and heavy metals, and even then, heat remains one of our greatest risks," said SlateSafety armbands used at a nuclear power facility dismantling site in Tennessee. Stephanie Miller, a contractor's safety and health manager, told the Associated Press that with the device, workers are alerted and treated immediately if they experience any signs of distress, significantly reducing the number of people requiring medical attention. In 2022, nearly 300 people died from heat-related illnesses in Texas. Rogers-O’Brien, a Texas construction contractor whose workers work 50 to 60 hours a week in the scorching heat, introduced wearable sensors and Safeguard software last year.

In addition to artificial intelligence, what green competitiveness does iPhone 16 have?

Apple's annual new product launches. In addition to being more powerful and equipped with the first artificial intelligence service, the new iPhone 16 series models reduce energy consumption by 20%, and the proportion of recycled materials used reaches the highest 30%. It is also predicted that packaging materials will reach 2025 by 2025. 100% uses recycled materials and continues to move towards Apple’s 2030 carbon neutrality goal. Apple Computer launched iPhone 16 Pro and iPhone 16 Pro Max on the 10th, featuring larger displays, new "Camera Control" for quick access to advanced camera systems, innovative professional-grade camera features that bring new creative capabilities, and are driven by the A18 Pro chip . The new Pro model is equipped with a new 48-megapixel Fusion camera and a faster four-in-one pixel sensor, which can record 4K120fps videos in Dolby Vision mode, achieving the highest resolution and frame rate combination in iPhone history. Feature upgrades also include: a 48-megapixel ultra-wide-angle camera that takes photos with higher resolution and supports macro photography; both Pro models have a 5x telephoto camera; and a studio-quality microphone that can record more vivid audio . iPhone 16 Pro Max features a durable titanium design, a larger display, the thinnest bezels of any Apple product, and the best battery life ever in an iPhone. Personal intelligence system Apple Intelligence launches new machine and will be available for pre-order on September 13

Designed specifically for AI and supporting energy storage, Eaton’s 2 UPSs enter the data center market

In response to the demand for artificial intelligence, many major technology companies have accelerated the establishment of data centers in Taiwan, driving the demand for energy management. Eaton, a major uninterruptible power system (UPS) manufacturer, exhibited two models specially designed for data centers at the International Semiconductor on the 4th. UPS, the new general manager of Eaton Electric Taiwan and Philippines Lin Yupei also made his debut. He revealed that in order to satisfy semiconductor AI and data center customers, Eaton has doubled its production capacity in Taiwan this year (2024). The power capacity of the new generation UPS has been increased, and the next step is to introduce thermal monitoring functions. Eaton’s customer list includes first-tier manufacturers such as Microsoft, Google, and Amazon. As these technology giants continue to build regional (Region) data centers in Asia, Lin Yupei Revealed, "There are currently several cases in progress in Taiwan, and there will be good news soon." In response to the demand for large power in data centers, Eaton launched two products, the 93T series UPS and the 9395XR UPS: • 93T series UPS: specialized The uninterruptible power supply system designed for data centers, industrial facilities and large commercial buildings provides choices of different power ranges from 15 to 200kVA (kilovolt amperes). It adopts double conversion technology and has an efficiency of up to 98% or above, which can effectively reduce energy consumption and operating costs. • 9395XR UPS: specially built for AI large data centers, with a single cabinet power of 2.5MW, saving 78% floor space compared to traditional UPS. In addition, 9395XR supports combination with lithium batteries, which is suitable for energy storage application scenarios and is suitable for large data centers.

Good news for camping fans! MIT's oyster shell recycled environmentally friendly heating pack is expected to be launched in September next year

Oyster shells can also be used as camping cooking tools! Taiwan's oysters, commonly known as oysters, are a shellfish with important economic value in Taiwan. The shells can be recycled after the meat is harvested. The Fisheries Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture has made oyster shell powder into a spontaneous heating bag. After 2 minutes, the water temperature in the outer box can rise to above 90°C to heat the conditioning bag. It is suitable for outdoor use by the military or camping coffee, and can even be used as a preventive A member of the disaster pack. The annual output of discarded oyster shells in Taiwan is about 120,000 metric tons. The Water Testing Institute is negotiating with manufacturers to link the production and sales of related products, which are expected to be launched in September next year (2025). MIT Oyster Shell Powder Heating Pack is suitable for camping, the military, and disaster prevention. The Ministry of Agriculture's Water Research Institute held a research results sharing meeting on "Oyster Class, Real Oysters" yesterday (11th) at the Taiwan Smart Agriculture Week. The Water Research Institute's processing team announced the oyster Shell recycling technology. Associate researcher Gao Yifeng said that after oyster shells are ground into powder and then modified into calcium oxide, a thermal reaction will occur when water is added, which can heat the water to more than 90 degrees Celsius. When used with a cooking bag, the ingredients can be cooked without lighting a fire. It heats the internal product to about 50°C within 8 minutes and maintains it for about 20 to 30 minutes, which is a temperature suitable for the human body. The heating effect is equivalent to that of commercially available heating packs. Whether it is for military use, camping coffee or foodies, you can enjoy heat anytime and anywhere. food, and even become disaster prevention supplies. Zhang Jinyi, director of the Water Testing Institute, said that he had received inquiries from soldiers about environmentally friendly heating packs made in Taiwan rather than in China. In fact, the oyster shell environmentally friendly heating pack technology was successfully developed and patented during the epidemic, but it was “not very popular.” Gao Yifeng explained that there were manufacturers who were interested in investing in production equipment, but the evaluation

The carbon fee rate will start at 300 to 500 yuan per ton and will reach a maximum of 1,800 yuan per ton in 2030.

After half a year of discussions, the carbon fee rate has been initially set. The Ministry of Environment held another carbon fee rate review meeting today (9th). During the meeting, members gave a clear carbon fee range. The general rate starts at 300 to 500 yuan per ton, and will be adjusted in stages over a period of 2 to 3 years. The preferential rate range will be determined at the next meeting. The Ministry of Environment stated that after the two rate ranges are determined, the actual carbon fee rate will be determined. It is expected that the forecast rate at the end of the year will be used to calculate and collect corporate carbon fees in 2025. The carbon fee rate will start from 300 to 500 yuan per ton, pending the final decision of the Ministry of Environment. Large carbon emitters will begin to apply for carbon fees on a trial basis next year (2025) and start paying in 2026. The Ministry of Environment held its fifth carbon fee review meeting today, which lasted four and a half hours, and the carbon fee figures were finally initially set. In an interview after the meeting, Huang Weiming, deputy director of the Climate Agency, pointed out that the general rate range has been determined: the starting price is 300 to 500 yuan per ton, and will be increased in stages to 1,200 to 1,800 yuan after 2030. Huang Weiming said that after the sixth meeting at the end of September and early October, the Ministry of Environment will consider all factors to decide on specific figures. Huang Weiming said that the carbon fee rate range is set with reference to the carbon pricing experience of neighboring countries and international assessment reports. For example, Singapore's carbon tax currently receives more than NT$500 per ton. Lin Yanting, a private representative of the Carbon Fee Review Committee and a researcher at the Environmental Rights Protection Foundation, said helplessly that there is a gap between the rates and expectations. The current rates may not even be 300 yuan after being fully discounted. Regarding the final announced rate, the environmental group hopes that the Ministry of Environment will stick to the "300 yuan after discount"

What is cold fusion? A major technological breakthrough by the National Taiwan Normal University team in using water as fuel to stimulate nuclear reactions

As the world faces climate change and energy crises, National Taiwan Normal University's School of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Industry Innovation has collaborated with Jiangling Group to announce a major breakthrough in cold fusion technology. This low-energy nuclear reaction (LENR) technology can use water as fuel to perform nuclear reactions at low temperatures without the risk of nuclear contamination. Its intermediate products are also expected to be used in the medical field. Nuclear fusion is often regarded as an ideal source of inexhaustible clean energy for mankind in the future, but traditional nuclear fusion requires an extremely high temperature environment to release a large amount of energy. Recently, a research team led by Huang Bingjun, chair professor of the Institute of Green Energy Technology and Sustainable Governance at the College of Industry and Innovation of National Taiwan Normal University and CEO of Jiangling Group’s Innovation Research Center, developed the Low-Energy Nuclear Reaction (LENR), or commonly known as "Cold fusion" technology not only allows nuclear reactions to occur at temperatures far lower than mainstream scientific understanding, but also does not release neutrons and gamma radiation, greatly reducing the risk of nuclear contamination. Nuclear reactions triggered by using water as fuel In 2013, Huang Bingjun accidentally saw machines developed by two Taiwanese companies that could produce excess heat with water. During further research, he found that they were all related to cavitation and sonoluminescence produced by water boiling. With the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Huang Bingjun officially launched his exploration of nuclear energy technology in 2019. When the basic principles were still unclear, the research team

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