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EU legislators push for new mandatory legislation for the clothing industry.

The European Union's legislative bodies are pushing for new mandatory legislation for the garment industry. On May 19, 2017, the Council of the European Union published "Conclusions on Sustainable Garment Value Chains," aiming to prevent human rights violations and encourage companies to take socially responsible actions to ensure the garment industry complies with international standards concerning labor rights and environmental protection. Furthermore, the Council encouraged the European Commission to temporarily suspend preferential trade treatment for trading partners who violate labor and human rights commitments. The Council further requested the Commission to improve traceability in the textile industry, emphasizing the need to track chemicals used in the garment manufacturing process and worker exposure to toxic substances. The Council reached these conclusions after the Commission published an approved working paper on April 24, 2017. In the working paper, the Commission proposed several EU measures on "establishing sustainable value chains in the garment industry through EU development actions." The working paper outlines various measures to achieve a fairer, safer, and more environmentally friendly garment manufacturing industry. The European Commission's recommendations focus on: 1. Economic empowerment for women; 2. Reasonable wages for work and living; and 3. Transparency and traceability in value chains. The third point is of particular concern because production chains are highly decentralized, often outsourcing different stages of the manufacturing process to companies in distant countries. Following the approval of the European Commission's working paper, Europe...

2017-10-03

BSI launches the world's first circular economy standard

BSI Launches World's First Circular Economy Standard. As Earth's finite resources dwindle and climate change intensifies, the European Union is actively promoting a circular economy, hoping to achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals through sustainable production and consumption. Recognizing that despite the efforts of numerous international NGOs promoting the circular economy, businesses and consumers, while aware of its purpose, often lack understanding of its complex technical and theoretical definitions, the British Standards Institute (BSI), with assistance from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), invited experts from several organizations—including the Ellen MacArthur Foundation (EMF), the Waste and Resource Action Programme (WRAP), and the Centre for Sustainable Design at the University for the Creative Arts—to form a standards committee to discuss how to establish a practical framework for...

2017-10-03

China’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology releases draft of “China RoHS 2” controlled product categories

China's Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) released a draft of the "China RoHS 2" regulated product categories. Last month, the MIIT released the "Catalogue of Electrical and Electronic Products Subject to Restriction of Hazardous Substances (First Batch)" (Draft for Public Comment) and the "List of Exceptions to the Application of Restricted Substances in the Catalogue," soliciting public opinions until July 28, 2017. The "Catalogue of Electrical and Electronic Products Subject to Restriction of Hazardous Substances" (hereinafter referred to as the "Catalogue"), commonly known as China RoHS 2, came into effect on January 26, 2016. Compared with the previous version, the Catalogue added several important obligations that must be met and expanded the regulated product categories and labeling and disclosure items. According to this draft for public comment, the MIIT plans to include 12 products in the Catalogue and provide a list of 39 exceptions for companies to refer to. The first batch of 12 products included in the catalog is as follows: – Refrigerators; – Air conditioners; – Washing machines; – Electric water heaters; – Printers; – Copiers; – Fax machines; – Televisions; – Screens; – Microcomputers; – Mobile communication devices; and – Telephones. All of the above products must comply with GB/T 26572-2011 "Electrical and Electronic Products..."

2017-10-03

GRI CEO advocates against green bleaching.

GRI CEO Advocates Against Greenwashing: Over 90% of the world's top 250 international companies write sustainability performance reports annually. Tim Mohin, the newly appointed CEO of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), points out that corporate sustainability reporting has become an international trend, influencing consumers and investors alike when making purchases or investments. However, "greenwashing" is frequently observed in these reports, and inaccurate information can lead to incorrect decisions by consumers and investors. Therefore, sustainability information in corporate social responsibility reports must be accurate and not exaggerated. A recent survey of institutional investors regarding corporate ESG (Environmental Social and Governance) performance revealed that 77% of investors believe integrating ESG initiatives into a company's business model is a smart move, but the ESG performance reported must be substantiated with sufficient information and transparency. Approximately 60% of investors want ESG reports to provide more complete and detailed information, while only 37% believe that bullet points are sufficient. Nearly two-thirds of investors believe that digital ESG report files are suitable for download and sharing, but more than half of investors still want the information to be more actionable. In addition, investors want sustainability performance to be effectively linked to the company's business model and impact.

2017-10-03

Starting in 2030, SoftBank and Foxconn will only sell electric vehicles in India, entering the Indian renewable energy market.

Starting in 2030, India will only sell electric vehicles; SoftBank and Foxconn will enter the Indian renewable energy market. While President Trump announced the US withdrawal from the Paris Climate Agreement, India's energy sector announced that, in order to combat increasingly severe air pollution, India plans to sell only electric vehicles after 2030. CNNMoney reports that as a developing country, India's economy is growing at an astonishing rate, but with continued industrial and transportation development, severe air pollution has followed. Studies estimate that air pollution causes approximately 1.2 million deaths annually in India; one doctor even described breathing in New Delhi as "like smoking 10 cigarettes a day." Beyond air pollution, India's booming economy has also made it the world's third-largest oil importer, spending nearly $150 billion (approximately NT$4.5 trillion) annually on oil. The development of electric vehicles will significantly reduce oil demand; therefore, the Indian government announced that after 2030, every car sold in India must rely on electricity, not oil. To achieve its goals, India launched the National Electric Mobility Mission Plan, hoping to reach annual sales of 6-7 million electric and hybrid vehicles by 2020. Energy Minister Piyush Goyal stated that the government would provide subsidies to support the growth of the electric vehicle market in its initial stages, but after that...

2017-10-03

Graviky Labs turns exhaust fumes from transportation vehicles into pigments.

Graviky Labs Turns Vehicle Exhaust Gases into Pigments Environmental pollution, especially air pollution, is becoming increasingly serious, with various harmful emissions being the main culprits. These include emissions from manufacturing and transportation. As early as 2014, the World Health Organization defined air pollution as "the single greatest threat to the environment and human health." Statistics show that 6.5 million people die globally each year due to air pollution. Faced with this severe situation, countries around the world are trying to reduce air pollution, but most efforts focus on limiting emissions. Now, an engineer named Anirudh Sharma is researching how to reuse substances from exhaust gases. He eventually founded Graviky Labs, focusing on research into technologies for recycling and reusing vehicle exhaust gases. What prompted Anirudh Sharma to focus on exhaust gas reuse research was a seemingly insignificant event in 2013. During his time living in Mumbai, India, his clothes were often blackened by vehicle exhaust fumes, leading him to consider turning these fumes into pigments. Anirudh Sharma and his team spent three years developing a screening program called Kaalink. Kaalink is said to be able to filter 95% of exhaust gases from generators, ferries, and motor vehicles.

2017-10-03

In addition to registration, you should also be concerned about the development direction of REACH after 2018.

In addition to registration, you should also be concerned about the development direction of REACH after 2018. With the development of EU REACH after 2018, the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) will require operators to maintain registration updates, and will continue to conduct substance assessment and inquiry, authorization and restriction, and implement CLP Audit work such as specifications and safety data sheets. As a finished product supplier, you may be faced with finished product registration, notification or supply chain communication obligations. In July 2013, REACH enforcement agencies (including Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Norway, and Sweden) announced the compliance guidelines for substances of high concern in finished products (Guidance for Suppliers of Articles). In terms of supply chain communication, it is recommended that if the finished product contains SVHC > 0.1% (w/w), the industry should provide consistent information whether it is a separately sold finished product or an assembled finished product. And if the assembled finished product contains SVHC, the information content should include where the SVHC substance is contained, and the information should be communicated concisely among the supply chain. It is worth noting that on September 10, 2015, the European Court of Justice ruled that individual finished parts should be used as the basis for calculating SVHC 0.1% (W/W). Taking shirts as an example, the SVHC content of the shirt's textile fabric, buttons, and sewing threads will be calculated separately, instead of using a single shirt as the calculation unit. In order to comply with the requirements for information communication between REACH supply chains, it is recommended that enterprises analyze the information provided by suppliers and grasp the following principles:

2017-10-03

12 new substances have been added to the EU REACH authorization list, and industry regulations are in good compliance

12 new substances were added to the EU REACH authorization list. Industry regulations are in good compliance. In 2017, 12 new substances were added to the EU REACH authorization list. The European Commission added them based on the recommendations of the fifth and sixth appendix 14 of ECHA. Currently, appendix 14 There are a total of 43 listed authorized substances. After the sunset period, substances on the list can only be used within the EU after authorization. If manufacturers want to continue to use these authorized substances after the sunset period, they will need to apply for authorization before the deadline. For detailed application authorization periods, please refer to the details on the ECHA official website in the reference material. Project Chinese name English name EC number CAS number 32 1-Bromopropane 203-445-0 106-94-5 33 Diisopentylphthalate 210-088-4 605-50-5 34 1, 2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, di-C6-8-branched alkyl esters, C7 rich 276-158-1 71888-89-6 35 1,2- 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, di-C7-

2017-10-03

China drafts "Restriction Requirements for Chemical Hazards of Consumer Products"

China's draft "Requirements for Limiting Chemical Hazards of Consumer Products" is managed by China's National Consumer Product Safety Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 508). The national standard "Requirements for Limiting Chemical Hazards of Consumer Products" jointly drafted by the China Institute of Standardization and other units has recently completed the collection of public opinions. This standard aims to establish consumer product safety standards and improve consumer product quality requirements. Like the EU REACH regulations, it is a basic safety requirement for the hazards of chemical substances, which imposes restriction requirements on Class 103 substances (Annex 2). The list of restricted substances contains several existing regulatory requirements in China. For those parts that do not have domestic regulations, the EU and other international regulations are used as a reference. The restricted substances list in the final draft is very similar to Appendix 17 of the EU REACH regulations for hazardous substances in consumer products. Currently, 103 categories of chemical substances and their restrictions in consumer products are listed. Consumer products include children's products, textiles and clothing, Household appliances, electronic information technology products, decoration materials, furniture, etc. Examples of the list of restricted substances are as follows: – heavy metals, such as cadmium, lead, hexavalent chromium, mercury and nickel; – phthalates; – alkanes and alkenes; – alkyl halides; – phenols; – polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; and – aldehydes. "Requirements for Limiting Chemical Hazards of Consumer Products" (Draft for Comments) For details, please refer to the attachment: Medium

2017-10-03

German outdoor brand Vaude launches a new generation of green functional athletic shoes.

German outdoor brand Vaude launches a new generation of eco-friendly functional athletic shoes. Since its founding in 1974, Vaude has been driven by a spirit of adventure, continuously applying new technologies to backpacks and outdoor apparel for hiking, cycling, and other outdoor activities. Driven by a love and respect for nature and a commitment to the sustainable development of outdoor sports, Vaude actively launches functional products that comply with EU environmental regulations, earning it the reputation of being one of Europe's most environmentally friendly outdoor brands. This year (2017), Vaude collaborated with its long-term supplier partner Sympatex to launch its 2018 Spring/Summer collection of eco-friendly athletic shoes. The most unique feature of this collection is the use of Sympatex's non-porous functional breathable membrane, previously used in the shoe's upper. This membrane is now made from 100% recycled plastic, and through a carbon trading mechanism, the greenhouse gases produced during its production are offset, making it 100% carbon neutral. This series of sneakers is called "Next Generation" not only because it uses 100% recycled and functional membranes, but also because the lining is entirely made of recycled materials. The fabric used is free of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), meeting the stringent environmental requirements of Oeko-Tex and bluesign. Regarding leather, Vaude uses German leather that has obtained the Sustainable Production Certification and is actively developing other alternative products, such as those made from organic materials (non-fossil fuels).

2017-10-03

Shared bikes: A golden age or madness?

Shared Bikes: A Golden Age or Madness? In just one year, the expansion of shared bikes has changed the short-distance travel patterns of urban residents in China, but various regulatory and environmental problems have also arisen. From Beijing to Lhasa, shared bikes have entered nearly 100 cities in China. These colorful shared bikes are equipped with GPS positioning systems, and can be unlocked and ridden by scanning the QR code on the bike with a smartphone; some can even be booked via mobile phone. Zhu Dajian, director of the Think Tank for Sustainable Development and New Urbanization at Tongji University, told China Dialogue that the public bicycle program promoted by the Chinese government for 10 years has not achieved significant results, while this round of shared bikes, entirely dominated by private capital, has achieved results in just one year, reducing car use and traffic congestion. China is expected to explore a brand-new transportation model for the world. However, due to the rapid expansion of capital, the number and scale of shared bikes have exploded within one year, leading to a series of problems such as over-deployment, indiscriminate parking, disorderly encroachment on urban public space, and environmental pollution in the production process. The free use and parking of shared bikes is causing trouble for urban management. Professor Wu Weiqiang of Zhejiang University of Technology proposed in a study that, based on the current development speed of the four shared bicycle companies in Hangzhou, the number of shared bicycles in Hangzhou will reach nearly 330,000 by the end of this year. Adding to the tens of thousands of public bicycles previously deployed by the government, with Hangzhou's permanent population of 9 million, the bicycle market will be oversaturated by the end of this year. In Beijing, according to CCTV reports, there are currently more than 20 shared bicycle companies...

2017-10-03

To avoid plasticization in "small packaging," Unilever is piloting new recycling technologies.

To prevent "small packaging" from accumulating in the ocean, Unilever is piloting a new recycling technology. In recent years, the "small packaging economy" has become increasingly popular, but it can be a heavy burden on the environment. The Independent reports that Unilever, a major consumer goods manufacturer, has developed a new recycling technology to achieve sustainable packaging, potentially preventing packaging from ending up in the ocean or landfills. "Billions of packaging bags are used and then discarded, ending up in landfills or the ocean. We want to open up this technology and scale it up with industry partners so that others, including competitors, can use it," said David Blanchard, Unilever's Chief Research Officer. Unilever sells tens of billions of products and single-use packaging bags annually, including cosmetics and food, primarily in developing and emerging markets. The company stated that it has developed a new recycling technology to recycle these packaging bags. This recycling system, called "CreaSolv," can extract the plastic from the packaging bags for use in new product packaging, achieving a circular economy. This is part of Unilever's 2025 commitment to make all its plastic packaging fully recyclable, reusable, or biodegradable. Unilever will first establish a pilot plant in Indonesia to observe the commercial viability of the new technology. Indonesia generates 64 million tons of waste annually, of which 1.3 million tons end up in the ocean. The Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging, which is collaborating with Unilever on the development of this technology...

2017-10-03

Why are top British botanical gardens targeting the Chinese market?

Why is Britain's top botanical garden targeting the Chinese market? The UK's national treasure, the Eden Botanical Garden, is coming to China, transforming aquaculture farms in Qingdao and loess land in Yan'an into stunning botanical gardens. The site of the Eden Botanical Garden was once just an abandoned pit, but now it captivates visitors from all over the world with its expansive views and imaginative landscape design. Its iconic biological greenhouse houses the world's largest artificial rainforest, becoming an integral part of the local Cornish landscape. The Eden Botanical Garden officially opened to the public sixteen years ago. Today, it has gradually become one of the UK's most popular tourist attractions, drawing over 19 million visitors annually and generating £1.7 billion in revenue for the local economy. Upon entering the Eden Botanical Garden, visitors can see flowers, plants, and giant trees (such as kapok and balsa trees) from around the world. This vast, sunken botanical garden is covered by a circular dome made of special polycarbonate material, making visitors feel as if they have arrived at a lunar habitat. This unique topography has earned the Eden Botanical Garden numerous nicknames: "Horticultural Exposition," "Temple of Economic Botany," "The World's Most Stunning Classroom," and so on. However, in the eyes of its founder, Sir Tim Smit, the Eden Botanical Garden should offer a breathtaking, shared cultural experience, seamlessly connecting people and nature. Now, the Eden Botanical Garden is about to arrive in China with this mission. In 2020, the Eden Botanical Garden...

2017-10-03

Costco starts testing products for harmful substances

Costco begins testing for harmful substances in products American retail brand Costco recently announced a hazardous substance testing project called Smart Screening Program (SSP) for products on the shelves. At the strong request of many NGOs, Costco finally announced the implementation of this new hazardous substances management action. According to information on the official website, Costco has been conducting a variety of hazardous substance tests on specific consumer products, and ensures that the products at sales points around the world comply with local consumer regulations, such as the EU REACH regulations, the US TSCA and California Bill 65, etc. , under the newly launched SSP project, a list of more than 300 hazardous substances of concern (CoCs) has been established, and there is no doubt that hazardous substances exceed standards. However, the official website does not disclose which specific consumer products are tested for which regulations. According to a chemical substance management survey report conducted by the international NGO Safer Chemicals, Healthy Families (SCHF) on the 11 largest retail brands in the United States, Costco's performance last year was classified as failing, with only 9.5 points out of a possible 130. In this survey, Walmart and Target came out on top. SCHF pointed out that although Costco’s official website still cannot know the SSP inspection

2017-10-03

There is no better antibacterial soap; 200 scientists urge the US to tighten regulations.

There's no better antibacterial soap: 200 scientists urge stricter US regulations. Considering buying antibacterial soap or laundry detergent? Hold on. More than 200 scientists and medical professionals worldwide co-authored an article published on the 20th in the peer-reviewed journal *Environmental Health Perspectives*, pointing out that common antibacterial products are not only ineffective but may also be harmful to health and the environment. The article also urges consumers to be especially careful when using everyday antibacterial chemicals. Last fall, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) determined that 19 antibacterial chemicals, including the infamous triclosan and triclocarban, were ineffective and should not be available for purchase without a prescription. Now, these 200+ scientists say that the FDA's decision is insufficient to protect consumers and the environment. Antibacterial agents often appear in unexpected products, including paints, sports mats, flooring, clothing, food storage containers, home textiles, electronics, kitchenware, school supplies, and countertops. "People believe that antibacterial hand soap can prevent disease. But generally speaking, antibacterial soap doesn't perform any better than regular soap and water," points out Barbara Sattler, a professor of sanitation at the University of San Francisco. Consumer soaps and hand washes often use different additives. "I'm glad the FDA finally banned these additives in soap. But now the products sold at my local pharmacy contain worse additives than before," says Dr. Arlene Blum, executive director of the Green Science Policy Institute. "Consumers may think that antibacterial agents can reduce infection."

2017-10-03

American toy manufacturer Radio Flyer joins chemical footprint project

American toy manufacturer Radio Flyer joins Chemical Footprint Project. Radio Flyer, a well-known American toy family business, has disclosed its safe chemical management policy in the Chemical Footprint Project (CFP). As early as 2015, Radio Flyer partnered with the American NGO Clean Production Action (CPA) and the Lowell Centre for Sustainable Production at the University of Massachusetts to promote CFP. CFP, as the name suggests, records the amount of hazardous substances used in all products. CFP can also help assess a company's management of hazardous substances in its products, information disclosure, and commitment to replacing them with safer chemicals. Eric Selner, Director of Operations and Sustainability, stated that Radio Flyer's products include battery-powered cars, rideable toy horses, strollers, tricycles, and balance bikes, with a very diverse range of raw materials and a global network of suppliers, presenting numerous challenges in implementing its chemical footprint. The biggest challenge comes from communicating chemical information within the supply chain. Requiring suppliers to provide the chemical composition of materials is a trade secret for many companies. However, Radio Flyer, through repeated supply chain communication consensus meetings and...

2017-10-03

New York State releases green procurement guidelines for furniture.

New York State has issued green procurement guidelines for furniture. Several municipal and state governments in the United States are currently working to limit or discourage the inclusion of hazardous chemicals in furniture. New York State recently adopted a green procurement guideline specifically targeting harmful chemicals in furniture, requiring all public agencies and authorities in the state to comply. This guideline was developed under the authorization of the New York State Executive Order on Green Procurement and Institutional Sustainability (Executive Order 4), guiding state agencies to focus on procuring furniture that reduces or eliminates risks to human health and environmental safety. This standard applies to the procurement of furniture for public meeting rooms, dormitories, libraries, offices, and schools. The regulations also specify several restrictions and limits, including: – Limiting the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) content to less than 1% by weight; – Prohibiting lead content in all products except for electrical components and electronic products; – Prohibiting the intentional addition of perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) used for stain-resistant, water-resistant, or oil-resistant treatments; – Ensuring that composite wood products comply with California formaldehyde regulations; – Prohibiting most chemical antimicrobial agents; – Encouraging the avoidance of certain phthalates, including DBP, DIBP, BBP, DnPP, DEHP, DnOP, DINP, and DIDP; – Avoiding the intentional addition of flame retardants within the permitted range of flammability requirements. The state government determines which chemicals need to be restricted when deciding on these restrictions.

2017-10-03

Environmental protection concepts are gaining traction, and green accommodations are becoming increasingly popular.

Environmental awareness is gaining traction, and green travel is becoming a trend. According to Booking.com's latest "Global Sustainable Travel Report," the percentage of travelers willing to choose environmentally friendly or green accommodations increased from 34% in 2016 to 65% in 2017, showing a significant increase in travelers willing to take concrete actions to support environmental protection and care for the planet. Nearly 70% (68%) of travelers said that environmentally friendly accommodations would increase their willingness to book. The survey showed that 43% of travelers would choose to use public transportation, and 42% would try to reduce their carbon footprint by walking or cycling. When asked if they would be willing to adjust their accommodation services for environmental reasons, most travelers agreed: 94% would be willing to stay in accommodations that use energy-saving light bulbs, 89% would be willing to stay in accommodations where air conditioning and heating are only turned on when someone is present, 79% would be willing to reduce the frequency of changing toiletries, and 75% would be willing to reduce the frequency of changing sheets and towels. A Booking.com survey revealed that over half of travelers, when they hear "sustainable tourism," immediately think of choosing environmentally friendly accommodations. Solar power, sustainable water supply systems, low-flow showers or toilets, organic restaurants or food, and the availability of recycling bins were the top five environmental factors when selecting accommodations. This survey, conducted by Booking.com in 11 global markets, interviewed over 1,000 travelers in each market. Respondents were required to be at least 18 years old and were interviewed in 2016.

2017-10-03

European Parliament Environment Committee supports revision of Hazardous Substances Directive

The European Parliament's Environment Committee Supports Amendments to the Hazardous Substances Directive. On July 11, 2017, the European Parliament's Committee on Environment, Public Health and Food Safety formally supported the proposed amendments to Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2). RoHS 2 restricts certain hazardous substances used in electrical and electronic equipment placed on the EU market. The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union announced on June 21 that they had reached an agreement on the amendments proposed by the European Commission, prompting the Committee on Environment, Public Health and Food Safety to support the amendments. RoHS 2 sets upper limits on the levels of certain hazardous substances (such as mercury and lead) in electrical products, covering almost all electrical products except those explicitly stated to be exempt from the restrictions. RoHS 2 is a revised version of RoHS 1, expanding the product scope covered by RoHS 1 to include medical devices and monitoring and control instruments, and adding a new 11th category covering all other electrical and electronic equipment not specifically exempted by RoHS 1 or 2. For example, electric bicycles and electric lawnmowers fall under this "open category of electrical and electronic equipment." In addition to expanding the scope of regulated products, the RoHS 2 directive also includes an eight-year transition period. During this period, products newly included in the regulated electrical and electronic equipment category are not required to comply with the RoHS 2 directive and can still be placed on the EU market. However, the European Commission recently issued...

2017-09-28

Fashion brand collaborations develop cradle-to-cradle safety materials

Five fashion brands have partnered with a non-governmental certification and ecolabel organization in the United States to develop certified materials that meet its standards for use in their supply chains. These brands, including H&M, Kering, Loomstate, Zero + Maria Cornejo, and Eileen Fisher, have joined the Fashion Positive Plus initiative established by the Cradle to Cradle (C2C) Product Innovation Research Center. By joining this initiative, these companies first compiled a list of their most frequently used materials, which were then tested for chemicals by an impartial third-party laboratory. This marks the first time multiple companies have jointly applied for C2C's ecolabel. C2C certifies the sustainability of materials through its self-defined and rigorous cross-industry circular economy standards. These standards cover various product categories, including building materials, interior decoration materials, packaging materials, personal care products, household goods, textiles, and apparel. The C2C standard aims to assess materials across five key quality areas: – Material health; – Material reusability; – Renewable energy and carbon management; – Water resource management; and – Social equity. After assessment, products will receive basic, copper, and other certifications in each of these five areas.

2017-09-28
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