In recent years, smaller and poorer countries have been pushing for the concept of "loss and damage" funding at international climate summits. They argue that wealthy nations, which industrialized earlier and have historically emitted more carbon, should shoulder the financial losses suffered by countries on the front lines of climate change. However, wealthy nations are generally reluctant to accept this idea. How much responsibility should countries with a history of significant carbon emissions bear? Scientists at Dartmouth College in the United States published a new study on the 12th analyzing the impact of major carbon emitters on the economies of other countries. The results found that the five largest carbon emitters, the United States, China, and China, have collectively caused nearly $6 trillion in global losses. The authors believe this research can serve as a scientific basis for climate liability compensation. According to the study, published in the journal Climatic Change, rising temperatures can lead to reduced crop, labor, or industrial production, which in turn affects economic activity. The study assessed each country's greenhouse gas emissions since 1850 and its contribution to climate change to calculate the economic losses caused by each country's carbon emissions. According to a study published by the Associated Press, U.S. carbon emissions between 1990 and 2014 caused over $1.9 trillion in damages, with Venezuela, Brazil, Indonesia, and India each experiencing over $100 billion in damages. Besides the U.S., the top five emitters included China ($1.8 trillion), Russia ($1 trillion), India ($0.8 trillion), and Brazil ($0.5 trillion), collectively causing $6 trillion in global damages.
