On November 4, 2013, the European Commission adopted a recommendation to amend the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive (94/62/EC) to reduce the consumption of thin plastic shopping bags. The overall objective of the recommendation is to encourage EU member states to take measures to reduce the consumption of thin plastic bags with a thickness of less than 0.05 mm (50 micrometers).
The EU does not have legislation regulating the production and use of plastic bags; however, some member states have introduced measures to reduce the use of single-use plastic bags. These measures vary, ranging from pricing and agreements with retailers to promotional campaigns. Currently, plastic bag waste remains a major environmental problem affecting the EU and the world.
Assessments by the authorities revealed varying levels of plastic bag usage across member states, making it difficult to establish reasonable reduction targets for all. Therefore, the European Commission proposed that the revised directive include broader targets, requiring member states to take measures to reduce the consumption of thin plastic bags less than 0.05 mm thick. However, member states can set their own targets and decide on the most appropriate measures to achieve them.
The revised Directive 94/62/EC will specify the types of measures Member States can take, such as economic measures like fees or levies, and market restrictions, including national reduction targets and limits. Any measures taken by Member States must comply with EU law, particularly the provisions in EU treaties concerning internal market quantitative restrictions. In other words, such measures cannot discriminate against plastic bags imported from other parts of the EU.
Environmental factions within the European Parliament and the European Environment Agency have expressed disappointment with the European Commission's recommendations. They believe the Commission should at least set reduction targets at the EU level to significantly reduce plastic bag usage.
Industry organization Plastics Europe has also expressed concern about the European Commission's recommendations. The organization argues that instead of restricting the use of plastic bags, the Commission should promote bio-based plastic bags. These bags have a significantly reduced environmental impact and should therefore be exempt from the directive.
Retailers and businesses argue that the European Commission should explore alternative methods to ensure higher recycling rates and encourage the reuse of plastic bags. Furthermore, Europe should promote stronger, reusable plastic bags.
Once the revised directive comes into effect, member states must notify the European Commission of the measures they have taken and their implementation.
This recommendation is subject to approval by the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. If approved, the revised directive will enter into force 20 days after its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union. Member States will have 12 months to transpose it into their national law from the date of its entry into force and will implement it within two years. The Commission's recommendation was published on November 4, 2013. For details, please refer to the following website: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/packaging/legis.htm#plastic_bags
Sources: Environmental Information Center (2013-12-5)
